stl C++ 和 C# 容器之间的映射-C#/.NET问题

Mapping between stl C++ and C# containers(stl C++ 和 C# 容器之间的映射)

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问题描述

有人能指出常用的 C++ STL 容器(如 vector、list、map、set、multimap...)和 C# 通用容器之间的良好映射吗?

Can someone point out a good mapping between the usual C++ STL containers such as vector, list, map, set, multimap... and the C# generic containers?

我已经习惯了前者，并且不知何故我已经习惯于用这些容器来表达算法.我很难找到与这些等效的 C#.

I'm used to the former ones and somehow I've accustomed myself to express algorithms in terms of those containers. I'm having some hard time finding the C# equivalent to those.

谢谢！

推荐答案

这是一个粗略的等价:

字典<K,V> <=> unordered_map<K,V>
HashSet<T> <=> unordered_set<T>
列表<T> <=> 向量<T>
LinkedList<T> <=> list<T>

Dictionary<K,V> <=> unordered_map<K,V>
HashSet<T> <=> unordered_set<T>
List<T> <=> vector<T>
LinkedList<T> <=> list<T>

.NET BCL(基类库)没有红黑树(stl map)或优先级队列(make_heap()、push_heap()、pop_heap()).

The .NET BCL (base class library) does not have red-black trees (stl map) or priority queues (make_heap(), push_heap(), pop_heap()).

.NET 集合不像 C++ 那样使用迭代器".它们都实现了 IEnumerable<T>，并且可以使用foreach 语句"进行迭代.如果你想手动控制迭代，你可以在集合上调用GetEnumerator()"，这将返回一个IEnumerator 对象.IEnumerator.MoveNext() 大致相当于 C++ 迭代器上的++"，Current"大致相当于指针引用运算符 (*").


.NET collections don't use "iterators" the way C++ does. They all implement IEnumerable<T>, and can be iterated over using the "foreach statement". If you want to manually control iteration you can call "GetEnumerator()" on the collection which will return an IEnumerator<T> objet. IEnumerator<T>.MoveNext() is roughly equivalent to "++" on a C++ iterator, and "Current" is roughly equivalent to the pointer-deference operator ("*"). 
C# 确实有一个称为迭代器"的语言特性.但是，它们与 STL 中的迭代器对象"不同.相反，它们是一种允许自动实现 IEnumerable<T> 的语言特性.有关详细信息，请参阅 yield return 和 yield break 语句的文档.
C# does have a language feature called "iterators". They are not the same as "iterator objects" in the STL, however. Instead, they are a language feature that allows for automatic implementation of IEnumerable<T>. See documentation for the yield return and yield break statements for more information.

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